The Basics Of The Human Body!

Body Basics

This is a different post than usual. I was inspired to create an educational post based on how near exam season is approaching, and when thinking of what subjects I struggled with the most, I knew Biology was at the very top.

I am not a science teacher, nor do I have any real expertise in the subject, but if you are looking for a short and precise list of definitions for use with homework, you've come to the right place! Here are the basics of the human body!

Circulatory System:

Responsible for the transport of blood around the body and keeps body temperature equal throughout.

Heart: Provides the body with oxygen and nutrients and takes away waste products. It pumps blood around the body - the right side responsible for receiving blood, and then pumping it to the lungs.

Arteries: Are muscular tubes which carry blood all over the body. It transports the blood containing oxygen and nutrients to vessels.

Veins: Carries the de-oxygenated (not carrying oxygen) blood back to the heart to be oxidised.

Capillaries: The smallest blood vessels, tasked with transferring the oxygen and nutrients to tissues, they can also collect waste (Carbon Dioxide).

Digestive System:

Provides the body with nutrients from food and drink and removes waste.

Mouth: Begins the digestion process by producing saliva when consuming food or drink.

Oesophagus: Connects the mouth with the stomach.

Stomach: A muscular organ which takes food from the oesophagus and produces enzymes to break down the food for digestion.

Small Intestine: Responsible for most of the digestion process, it absorbs nutrients from food.

Large Intestine: Holds undigested food ready to be released from the body.

Liver: Produces protein to help blood clot, it is able to remove damaged blood cells and uses broken down fat to create energy.

Gallbladder: Aids the liver in digesting fat, and helps make bile more concentrated.

Pancreas: Gives enzymes to the small intestine and helps break down food left in the stomach. It is capable of producing insulin which maintains the body's glucose levels.

Appendix: Although under much debate, a theory of the purpose of the appendix is that it encourages good bacteria to help rebuild the digestive system after an illness.

Muscular System:

Enables the use of muscles to move.

Human Skeleton: Protects the body and all of it's organs from damage and provides a stable frame for muscles to attach to.

Joints: Connect bones together and are able to have weight put on them, enabling you to move.

Ligaments: Form joints by connecting bones together.

Tendons: Attach muscles to bones, also enabling you to move.

Nervous System:

Sends information to and from the brain allowing the body to move and sense using nerves.

Brain: The instructor of the body, it controls everything your body does. It consists of many different parts which all do different things.

Spinal Cord: Allows for the transfer of messages between the brain and nerves.

Nerves: Send electrical signals to different parts of the body in order for them to react to what the brain is telling them.

Eye: Allows us to see with the help of the optical nerve.

Ear: Transforms sound waves into vibrations to be able to hear.

Tongue: Home of thousands of taste buds which help us identify food, it is also important in our ability to speak.

Respiratory System:

Enables respiration (bringing oxygen in and out of the body).

Training

Nasal Cavity: Prevents nosebleeds or dryness in the nose by producing mucus, hairs live there which prevent dust getting into your body.

Larynx: Commonly known as the voice box, containing vocal chords which produce sound.

Trachea: The windpipe, provides air flow to and from the lungs.

Lungs: Brings oxygen into the body and expels Carbon Dioxide.

Diaphragm: The main muscle used in respiration to expand the lungs during respiration.